Modern Italy as we know it is a relatively new country. For centuries it was divided into small city-states and was only unified in the late 1800s before it had to relinquish territories following the events of the Second World War. While Italian is the official national language and the vast majority of the population is Catholic, to this day Italy has remarkable cultural differences throughout its whole territory.
Italy is divided into twenty regions, each of which has unique traditions, customs and often a number of dialects, with a different one usually spoken in each major city. Some regions have acquired ‘special status’ granting them independence from the central government both in financial and political matters.
The result is an extremely diverse geo-economic landscape. An organisation doing business in Italy will find differences amongst regions in infrastructure, sectors, and even employment laws. The difference between north and south can be particularly striking to a visitor. The north is highly developed thanks to the presence of heavy industry and private companies, while the south’s economy is welfare-dependant, mainly agricultural and sees high levels of unemployment.
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Undertaking a cross-cultural awareness training course such as Communicaid’s Doing Business in Italy programme will increase your organisation’s awareness and understanding of the country’s diversity and its inhabitants’ cultural influences. Intercultural training will help your organisation to operate more effectively in Italy while it will also provide your employees with the cultural knowledge and skills to navigate the cultural differences they are likely to face both in business and everyday practices.
The following are some key differences which might pose challenges for anyone doing business in Italy.
Affective Communication – An important aspect of Italian culture is openly expressing thoughts and feelings. Emotions tend to flow easily in this culture with lots of hand gestures and close personal contact. As a result, Italians are often guided by their feelings and establishing solid relationships based on trust are vital for successful business negotiations in Italy.
‘Bella Figura’ – The term ‘Bella Figura’, a key element in Italian business culture, is often used to describe the ability to present oneself well and behave with formality. In some areas of Italy, particularly the south, maintaining ‘Bella Figura’ is believed to enhance beauty and peace in the world. In Italian culture, appearances and opinions of others are considered extremely important. It is therefore vital when doing business in Italy to ensure that all presentations and business materials are aesthetically pleasing to your Italian counterparts. Furthermore, great detail is paid to the way one dresses so it’s important to consider your clothing carefully before doing business in Italy.
Individualism – While Italian culture has been described as highly individualistic, its not like the form of individualism that can be found in countries like the US, Australia or Sweden. In Italy it signifies a society that emphasises individual responsibility towards family and close friends, relying on a strong network of connections and close family ties. This means that Italians will tend to take care of themselves and their immediate family first. Across Italy you will find many Italian businesses owned by individuals and families. In a business context, individualism influences an Italian’s preference to do business with people they are already familiar with, and rely heavily on direct personal contact, often through mutual friends or acquaintances, to explore new business opportunities.
‘La Cordata’ (Chain of Command) – This concept tends to mean that only the most senior people in a company will make decisions, sometimes leaving those at a lower level with their hands tied. Non-Italian organisations may encounter a great deal of inflexibility when trying to reach a decision and get things done when doing business in Italy.
Thriving, modern and vibrant, Italy is a country with many faces. Romans and Etruscans made it their home, a base from which to conquer and unify Europe and the World. The remains of these ancient civilisations still pave the roads of Italian cities, yet the country today is a jigsaw of cultures and traditions, both ancient and new.
Organisations must be aware of this and the resulting cultural differences and challenges of doing business in Italy. Providing employees cultural awareness training like Communicaid’s Living and Working in Italy programme will give your organisation an essential head start and the competitive edge you need to be successful in the Italian business world.
© Communicaid Group Ltd. 2010